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This ‘’message‘’ was not meant for you.
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Tragedy of Julius Caesar (1599)
The Tragedy of Julius Caesar
Act I, Scene 2
A public place.
---
[Flourish. Enter CAESAR; ANTONY, for the course; CALPURNIA, PORTIA, DECIUS BRUTUS, CICERO, BRUTUS, CASSIUS, and CASCA; a great crowd following, among them a Soothsayer]
•••• ••• ••••
Cassius. Did Cicero say any thing?
Casca. Ay, he spoke Greek.
Cassius. To what effect?
Casca. Nay, an I tell you that, Ill ne'er look you i' the
face again: but those that understood him smiled at
one another and shook their heads; but, for mine own
part, it was Greek to me. I could tell you more
news too: Marullus and Flavius, for pulling scarfs
off Caesar's images, are put to silence. Fare you
well. There was more foolery yet, if I could
remember it.
Cassius. Will you sup with me to-night, Casca?
Casca. No, I am promised forth.
Cassius. Will you dine with me to-morrow?
Casca. Ay, if I be alive and your mind hold and your dinner 385
worth the eating.
Cassius. Good: I will expect you.
Casca. Do so. Farewell, both.
Exit
source:
https://www.opensourceshakespeare.org/views/plays/play_view.php?WorkID=juliuscaesar&Act=1&Scene=2&Scope=scene
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// α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ μ ν ξ ο π ρ σ (ς) τ υ φ χ ψ ω
// Α Β Γ Δ Ε Ζ Η Θ Ι Κ Λ Μ Ν Ξ Ο Π Ρ Σ (ς) Τ Υ Φ Χ Ψ Ω
//
// Α α alpha
// Β β beta
// Γ γ gamma
// Δ δ delta
// Ε ε epsilon
// Ζ ζ zeta
// Η η eta
// Θ θ theta
// Ι ι iota
// Κ κ kappa
// Λ λ lambda
// Μ μ mu
// Ν ν nu
// Ξ ξ xi
// Ο ο omicron
// Π π pi
// Ρ ρ rho
// Σ σ (ς) sigma
// The letter sigma ⟨Σ⟩ has two different lowercase forms, ⟨σ⟩ and ⟨ς⟩,
// with ⟨ς⟩ being used in word-final position and ⟨σ⟩ elsewhere.
// (In some 19th-century typesetting, ⟨ς⟩ was also used word-medially
// at the end of a compound morpheme, e.g.
// "δυςκατανοήτων", marking the
// morpheme boundary between "δυς-κατανοήτων" ("difficult to understand");
// "δυς-κατανοήτων" ("difficult to understand")
// modern standard practice is to spell "δυσκατανοήτων" with a non-final
// sigma.)[10]
// Τ τ tau
// Υ υ upsilon
// Φ φ phi
// Φ φ
// Χ χ chi
// Ψ ψ psi
// Ω ω omega
//
// α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ μ ν ξ ο π ρ σ (ς) τ υ φ χ ψ ω
// Α Β Γ Δ Ε Ζ Η Θ Ι Κ Λ Μ Ν Ξ Ο Π Ρ Σ (ς) Τ Υ Φ Χ Ψ Ω
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“It’s Greek to me” or “it’s all Greek to me” is an English idiom meaning “I don’t understand it.” That could apply to videos or texts or lectures full of jargon, science, technology, complicated diagrams, dialect, or anything difficult to understand.
“It’s Greek to me” was an idiom, even by Shakespeare’s time, used by ordinary Elizabethans. In using it in a play Shakespeare was using an everyday expression that his audience would have related to.
The saying has a long history as an idiom, and has an interesting origin. The ancient Romans were bilingual. They spoke Latin as an everyday language but the “posh” people used Greek. And then, in the Middle Ages, the use of Greek began to decline and Latin remained as the language of both the educated and the ordinary people.
The scribes in the monasteries, working away, making copies of precious books in both ancient languages, began to hand the Greek books to Greek language experts as many young monks couldn’t understand Greek. They would make a note: “Graecum est; non legitur,” which means “This is Greek: it can’t be read.” It would then be copied by an expert.
“Greek” began to mean anything that can’t be understood. In that sense, it became an idiom, first in Latin, and then in English, as a direct translation from the Latin. It didn’t have to have something to do with the Greek language, but with anything someone didn’t understand.
“Graecum est; non legitur” [Latin.]
“This is Greek [therefore] it can not be read.” [English.]
"Αυτό είναι ελληνικό [επομένως] δεν μπορεί να διαβαστεί." [Greek.]
[translate.google.com]
"Αυτό είναι ελληνικό [επομένως] δεν μπορεί να διαβαστεί." [Greek.]
[https://www.bing.com/translator/] “it was greek to me.” => ήταν ελληνικό για μένα.
source:
https://www.nosweatshakespeare.com/quotes/famous/its-all-greek-to-me/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graecum_est;_non_legitur
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_to_me
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“This is Greek [therefore] it cannot be read.” => "Haec Graecae [ergo] autem non legitur".
"Haec Graecae [ergo] autem non legitur". => "Αυτός ο Έλληνας δεν θα το κάνει
ανάγνωση"
“This is Greek [therefore] it cannot be read.” => "Αυτό είναι ελληνικό [επομένως] δεν μπορεί να διαβαστεί."
"Αυτό είναι ελληνικό [επομένως] δεν μπορεί να διαβαστεί." => "Haec Graecae [igitur] non legitur".
"Αυτό είναι ελληνικό [επομένως] δεν μπορεί να διαβαστεί." => "This is Greek [therefore] cannot be read."
"Haec Graecae [igitur] non legitur". => "Αυτό το ελληνικό δεν μπορεί να διαβάσει."
"Αυτό το ελληνικό δεν μπορεί να διαβάσει." => "Haec Graecae autem non legitur".
"Αυτό το ελληνικό δεν μπορεί να διαβάσει." => "This Greek can not read."
"Haec Graecae autem non legitur" => "This will not read Greek"
"Haec Graecae autem non legitur" => "This - [is] Greek - [it] will not read"
"Haec Graecae autem non legitur" => "Αυτό δεν θα διαβάσει Ελληνικά"
"Αυτό δεν θα διαβάσει Ελληνικά" => "This will not read Greek"
"Είναι ελληνικό. Διαβάζω " => "Est Graeca. Lego"
"Είναι ελληνικό. Διαβάζω " => "It's Greek. I read"
source:
translate.google.com
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“it was greek to me.” => ήταν ελληνικό για μένα.
“This is Greek [therefore] it cannot be read.” => Αυτό είναι ελληνικό [επομένως] δεν μπορεί να διαβαστεί.
source:
https://www.bing.com/translator/
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Westworld (HBO)
Tell us, have you ever question the nature of your reality?
what do you think of this world?
Did you find what you were looking for?
They can not see that which will cause them pain.
First tell us, have you ever question the nature of your reality?
Did you find what you were looking for?
The thing that you are looking for, was not meant for you.
The message was not meant for you.
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“It is difficult to get a man to understand
something when his salary depends upon
his not understanding it.”
── Upton Sinclair *13
*13 from the film, “An Inconvenient Truth”, featuring former Vice
President Al Gore, Democratic Presidential Candidate
No one is going to [knowingly] volunteer information that will destroy their economy or livelihood.
Westworld (HBO)
Tell us, have you ever question the nature of your reality?
what do you think of this world?
Did you find what you were looking for?
They can not see that which will cause them pain.
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“how the stories we tell ourselves about the world
invisibly shape our beliefs in profound and often
stubborn ways ― even if they are completely wrong.”;
── Will Storr, The Unpersuadables (2014).
“But you need to remember there's what people wanna hear, there's what people wanna believe, there's everything else, then there's the truth. The truth means responsibility. Exactly, which is why everyone dreads it.”;--The International (2009 film, political thriller dramma) directed by Tom Tykwer, written by Eric Warren Singer, produced by Charles Roven, Richard Suckle, Llyod Phillips, production designer Uli Hanisch. ([ if you like The International, then you might want to check out, The Infiltrator (2015), a film by Brad Furman, based on the book by Robert Mazur, screenplay by Ellen Brown Furman ])
• http://hectorcorrea.com/blog/the-design-of-design/40
• “If a design, particularly a team design, is to have conceptual integrity, one should name the scare resource explicitly, track it publicly, control it firmly.”
• “The Design of Design – essays from a computer scientist”, Frederick Brook, chapter 10, on page 119
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Neque porro quisquam est qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet consectetur adipisci velit (translation: "Neither is there anyone who loves, pursues or desires pain itself because it is pain");--sections 1.10.32–3 of Cicero's De finibus bonorum et malorum (On the Ends of Goods and Evils, or alternatively [About] The Purposes of Good and Evil).[2], H. Rackham's 1914 translation; From http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorem_ipsum
https://www.latin-online-translation.com/latin-english/translate
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"ιχθύς" (ichthýs)
ιχθύς
The symbol was adopted by early Christians as a secret symbol. It is now known colloquially as the "sign of the fish" or the "Jesus fish".[2]
conscious symbol of a witnessing Christian
Greek Latin Spanish English
ΙΧΘΥΣ Pisces pescado (fish)
Ιησούς Jesus Jesús (Jesus)
Χριστός Christus Cristo (Christ)
Ο Θεός Deus dios (God's)
Υιός Filius hijo (Son)
Σωτήρας Salvator salvador (Savior)
source:
https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ichthys
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ichthys
https://bing.com/translate/
https://www.latin-online-translation.com/latin-english/translate
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In Ancient Greek the word praxis (πρᾶξις) referred to activity engaged in by free people. The philosopher Aristotle held that there were three basic activities of humans: theoria (thinking), poiesis (making), and praxis (doing). Corresponding to these activities were three types of knowledge: theoretical, the end goal being truth; poietical, the end goal being production; and practical, the end goal being action.[2] Aristotle further divided the knowledge derived from praxis into ethics, economics, and politics. He also distinguished between eupraxia (εὐπραξία, "good praxis")[3] and dyspraxia (δυσπραξία, "bad praxis, misfortune").[4]
source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praxis_(process)
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Western European reception of Greek ideas via Arabian tradition
Arabic logicians had inherited Greek ideas after they had invaded and conquered Egypt and the Levant. Their translations and commentaries on these ideas worked their way through the Arab West into Spain and Sicily, which became important centers for this transmission of ideas. [1]
Western Arabic translations of Greek works (found in Iberia and Sicily) originates in the Greek sources preserved by the Byzantines. These transmissions to the Arab West took place in two main stages.
source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_of_the_Greek_Classics
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The "Recovery of Aristotle" (or Rediscovery) refers to the copying or re-translating of most of Aristotle's books (of ancient Greece), from Greek or Arabic text into Latin, during the Middle Ages, of the Latin West.[1][2] The Recovery of Aristotle spanned about 100 years, from the middle 12th century into the 13th century, and copied or translated over 42 books (see: Corpus Aristotelicum), including Arabic texts from Arabic authors, where the previous Latin versions had only two books in general circulation: Categories and On Interpretation (De Interpretatione).[1] Translations had been due to several factors, including limited techniques for copying books, lack of access to the Greek texts, and few people who could read ancient Greek, while the Arabic versions were more accessible. The recovery of Aristotle's texts is considered a major period in mediaeval philosophy, leading to Aristotelianism.[1][2][3]
source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recovery_of_Aristotle
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Writing
The act of writing is the graphic representation of language, it is not purely the visualisation of language, as that would then include sign language, and body language. It may have been noted that my use of the term “graphic” is rather clumsy, given the fact that it is derived from the Greek word for writing, grapho. But, much like the ancient word grapho, the modern English word ‘graphic’ refers to both image-making and writing (Elsner, 2004).
Just as authors of ekphrases were playing off of this dual meaning of grapho to mean both write and draw, the Archaic Greeks were similarly blurring the lines (or perhaps simply expressing that their own conceptual lines were blurred) through the deployment of writing on painted pottery. Many Geometric vases have writing in bands running horizontally, occupying the space that would otherwise be filled with a key pattern.
Reading
One of the most important aspects of reading in ancient Greece is that it was read aloud (Svenbro, 1993). This may seem a rather mundane and insignificant point to make, but it actually reveals a great deal about the Greek language. At the most basic level, this collection of Greek letters was the first ever alphabet. That is, it was the first writing system from which you could entirely reconstruct the spoken language for which it was designed (Powell, 1991). Furthermore, the fact that Archaic Greeks read aloud has great significance for Archaic Greek reading, as written words cannot exist simply in a verbal context. As Ong (1982) points out, when read aloud, writing is lifted from its page and included within a spatial context as well as affecting, or being affected by, the position of the reader’s body. Movement around a statue base, the turning of an inscribed object in the hands, or craning one’s neck to see a monumental inscription of a treasury’s contents all have an effect on the way the text is perceived. Similarly, by reading aloud, the reader has no option but to perform for the people around them, announcing the name of the deceased or donor, declaring the ownership of an object to a man or a god, and causing them to publicly assert these statements for themselves. It is also possible that the act of reading aloud would cause the reader to adopt the voice of the writing’s person, ventriloquizing the reader or perhaps allowing them to play the role of the deceased or some other absent person.
We can see then, that that with only just two simple facts: writing is ‘graphic’ and reading was done aloud, that the acts of reading and writing in Archaic Greece were far more complicated than we might first think, sparking a greater degree of self-consciousness in their enactors than those quotidian acts do for us today.
Nick Brown is a PhD candidate in the Department of Classics and Ancient History at the University of Warwick. His research looks into the ways in which early Greek sculptures and their inscriptions interact with one another. In particular, he is investigating the significance of the body of the sculpture being the site of inscription. More broadly, his interests within Classics focus on the theme of art and text from Greek pottery to ekphrastic literature.
source:
https://blogs.warwick.ac.uk/classicaltexting/entry/writing_and_reading/ <-------------------------------------------------------------------------->
codex (book)
source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scriptio_continua <-------------------------------------------------------------------------->
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